Battery Charger

Principle of 3 stage battery charger

• Satge 1:Bulk charge: Battery is charged with constant maximum current, the voltage will be more and more higher until rises to the absorption charge voltage.
• Satge 2: Absorption charge: The battery is charged with constant maximum voltage, the current will gradually changed to smaller until to the float charge value.
• Satge 3: Floating charge: It is also called slip current charging. In fact, the floating charging stage is also constant voltage charging, but the voltage is low and the current is small. 

It is maintenance-free charging, allowing long-term safe charging.
With trickle charging, the battery can be charged to nearly 100% 
Principle of 7 stage battery charger
 
• Stage 1: Desulphation: The desulfurization phase breaks down the sulfation that occurs in the battery when it is left uncharged for a long time, allowing the battery to be fully recharged. 
Sulfation occurs when lead sulfate hardens and clogs the battery.
• Stage 2: Soft start: The initial charging phase slowly introduces half of the rated current into the battery. 
This charging phase protects the battery and extends battery life.
• Stage 3: Bulk charge: Charge at the maximum current until the battery capacity is close to about 80%. 
• Stage 4: Absorption: During the charging process, when the battery capacity is close to 100%, the charging current slowly decreases. 
• Stage 5: Battery Test: Test the battery to see if the battery saves power. If not, replace with another battery.
• Stage 6: Recondition: Select the repair procedure to add a repair phase to the charging process. 
During the repair phase, the voltage is increased to create a controlled gas in the cell. 
Gas mixes battery acid and restores batteries.
• Stage 7: Float: keep the battery capacity at 100% without discharging. 
This means that the charger can be connected to the battery indefinitely. 
This battery charger has a 7-level fully automatic charging curve with infinite repetition of the cycle. When the terminal voltage is lower than the minimum limit, the charger will automatically return to the starting point of the charging curve.

How to choose a battery charger

1.    Check the battery type, lead acid or lithium or other.
2.    Check the battery voltage and capacity, chose the charger charging current with 0.2-0.3C(battery capacity).